Version Control

Purpose: Effective use of Git for collaboration and code management.

Commit Messages

# Format
type(scope): Brief description (50 chars max)

Detailed explanation (wrap at 72 characters)

Types:
- feat: New feature
- fix: Bug fix
- docs: Documentation
- style: Formatting
- refactor: Code restructuring
- test: Adding tests
- chore: Maintenance
- perf: Performance improvement
- ci: CI/CD changes
- build: Build system changes

# Examples
feat(auth): Add password reset functionality

Implements password reset via email with time-limited tokens.
Tokens expire after 1 hour.

Fixes #234

---

fix(api): Correct null reference in UserService

Added null check before accessing user properties in
GetUserProfileAsync method.

Resolves #456

Git Workflow

# Feature branch
git checkout main
git pull origin main
git checkout -b feature/user-auth

# Make changes
git add .
git commit -m "feat(auth): Add login endpoint"

# Push and create PR
git push origin feature/user-auth

# After PR review, rebase if needed
git fetch origin
git rebase origin/main

# Squash commits before merging (optional)
git rebase -i HEAD~3

# Force push after rebase
git push origin feature/user-auth --force-with-lease

Branching Strategy

GitFlow

# Main branches
- main/master: Production-ready code
- develop: Integration branch

# Supporting branches
- feature/*: New features
- bugfix/*: Bug fixes
- hotfix/*: Emergency production fixes
- release/*: Release preparation

# Example workflow
git checkout develop
git pull origin develop
git checkout -b feature/add-payment

# ... make changes ...
git push origin feature/add-payment
# Create PR to develop

# Release
git checkout -b release/v1.2.0 develop
# ... version bump, final testing ...
git checkout main
git merge release/v1.2.0
git tag -a v1.2.0 -m "Release version 1.2.0"
git push origin main --tags

.gitignore for C#

# Build results
[Dd]ebug/
[Dd]ebugPublic/
[Rr]elease/
[Rr]eleases/
x64/
x86/
[Aa]rm/
[Aa]rm64/
bld/
[Bb]in/
[Oo]bj/
[Ll]og/
[Ll]ogs/

# Visual Studio
.vs/
*.suo
*.user
*.userosscache
*.sln.docstates
*.userprefs

# ReSharper
_ReSharper*/
*.[Rr]e[Ss]harper
*.DotSettings.user

# NuGet
*.nupkg
*.snupkg
**/packages/*
!**/packages/build/
project.lock.json
project.fragment.lock.json
artifacts/

# Test results
[Tt]est[Rr]esult*/
[Bb]uild[Ll]og.*
*.trx
*.coverage
*.coveragexml

# ASP.NET Scaffolding
ScaffoldingReadMe.txt

# .NET Core
appsettings.Development.json
appsettings.Local.json
*.user.json

# User secrets
secrets.json

# Environment files
.env
.env.local
.env.*.local

# IDEs
.vscode/
.idea/
*.swp
*.swo

# OS
.DS_Store
Thumbs.db
Desktop.ini

# Azure
*.pubxml
*.azurePubxml
publish/

# Database
*.mdf
*.ldf
*.ndf

# Local History
.localhistory/

# Rider
.idea/
*.sln.iml

Git Hooks for C#

pre-commit hook (format checking)

Create .git/hooks/pre-commit:

#!/bin/sh
# Format C# files before commit

echo "Running dotnet format..."
dotnet format --verify-no-changes

if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
  echo "Code formatting issues detected. Run 'dotnet format' to fix."
  exit 1
fi

echo "Running tests..."
dotnet test --no-build --verbosity quiet

if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
  echo "Tests failed. Commit aborted."
  exit 1
fi

exit 0

commit-msg hook (validate commit messages)

Create .git/hooks/commit-msg:

#!/bin/sh
# Validate commit message format

commit_msg_file=$1
commit_msg=$(cat "$commit_msg_file")

# Check if commit message matches conventional commits format
pattern="^(feat|fix|docs|style|refactor|test|chore|perf|ci|build)(\(.+\))?: .{1,50}"

if ! echo "$commit_msg" | grep -qE "$pattern"; then
  echo "ERROR: Commit message does not follow conventional commits format"
  echo "Expected: type(scope): description"
  echo "Example: feat(auth): Add login endpoint"
  exit 1
fi

exit 0

Git Configuration for C#

# User configuration
git config --global user.name "Your Name"
git config --global user.email "[email protected]"

# Editor
git config --global core.editor "code --wait"

# Line endings (Windows)
git config --global core.autocrlf true

# Aliases
git config --global alias.co checkout
git config --global alias.br branch
git config --global alias.ci commit
git config --global alias.st status
git config --global alias.unstage 'reset HEAD --'
git config --global alias.last 'log -1 HEAD'
git config --global alias.visual '!gitk'

# Diff tool
git config --global diff.tool vscode
git config --global difftool.vscode.cmd 'code --wait --diff $LOCAL $REMOTE'

# Merge tool
git config --global merge.tool vscode
git config --global mergetool.vscode.cmd 'code --wait $MERGED'

Semantic Versioning with Git Tags

# Format: MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH
# MAJOR: Breaking changes
# MINOR: New features (backward compatible)
# PATCH: Bug fixes

# Create annotated tag
git tag -a v1.2.3 -m "Release version 1.2.3"

# Push tags
git push origin v1.2.3
# Or push all tags
git push origin --tags

# List tags
git tag -l

# View tag details
git show v1.2.3

# Delete tag
git tag -d v1.2.3
git push origin :refs/tags/v1.2.3

# Checkout specific version
git checkout tags/v1.2.3 -b version-1.2.3

Related Skills:

• [Code Organization](08-code-organization.md)
• [Documentation](11-documentation.md)