Building with Schematics

Why Schematics?

Schematics are the PREFERRED building method because:

• You describe WHAT to build, not HOW to execute commands
• Full block state support (facing, axis, half, etc.)
• COMPACT FORMAT saves ~70% tokens with run-length encoding
• Automatic rotation of entire builds
• Optimizes commands automatically

COMPACT FORMAT (Recommended)

Use this format for token efficiency:

{
  "a": [x, y, z],
  "p": {"S": "stone", "P": "oak_planks", ".": "air"},
  "l": [
    [0, "S*10|S P*8 S~8|S*10"]
  ]
}

Compact Syntax:

• Short keys: "a" (anchor), "p" (palette), "l" (layers), "f" (facing)
• Layers: [y_offset, "row|row|row"] - pipe separates rows
• Layer range: ["1-3", "pattern"] - same pattern at y=1, y=2, y=3 (great for walls!)
• Run-length: S*5 = 5 S blocks in a row
• Row repeat: S P*3 S~8 = repeat this row pattern 8 times

Compact Examples:

10x10 floor with border (verbose: ~500 tokens, compact: ~50 tokens):

{"a": [0,64,0], "p": {"S": "stone", "P": "planks"}, "l": [[0, "S*10|S P*8 S~8|S*10"]]}

5x5x4 hollow room (with layer range for walls):

{
  "a": [100, 64, 200],
  "p": {"W": "oak_planks", ".": "air"},
  "l": [
    [0, "W*5~5"],
    ["1-2", "W*5|W .*3 W~3|W*5"],
    [3, "W*5~5"]
  ]
}

Note: ["1-2", "..."] creates identical layers at y=1 AND y=2. Great for multi-story walls!

Verbose Format (Backward Compatible)

{
  "anchor": [x, y, z],
  "facing": "north",
  "mode": "replace",
  "palette": {"<symbol>": "<block>[states]{nbt}"},
  "layers": [
    {"y": 0, "grid": [["S","S"],["S","S"]]}
  ]
}

Grid Convention

        North (-Z)
           ^
    Row 0  |
    Row 1  |
    Row 2  v
        South (+Z)

    Col0 Col1 Col2
    <--- West    East --->
    (-X)         (+X)

• grid[row][col] = grid[z][x]
• Row 0 is the NORTH edge
• Column 0 is the WEST edge
• Rows increase going SOUTH
• Columns increase going EAST

Palette Symbols

Use short symbols for readability:

{
  "palette": {
    ".": "air",
    "S": "stone_bricks",
    "P": "oak_planks",
    "G": "glass",

    "Sn": "oak_stairs[facing=north]",
    "Ss": "oak_stairs[facing=south]",
    "Se": "oak_stairs[facing=east]",
    "Sw": "oak_stairs[facing=west]",

    "Dl": "oak_door[facing=south,half=lower,hinge=left]",
    "Du": "oak_door[facing=south,half=upper,hinge=left]",

    "Lx": "oak_log[axis=x]",
    "Ly": "oak_log[axis=y]",
    "Lz": "oak_log[axis=z]",

    "T": "torch",
    "Tn": "wall_torch[facing=north]",
    "Ln": "ladder[facing=north]",
    "C": "chest[facing=south]"
  }
}

Complete Example: Small House

COMPACT FORMAT (recommended):

{
  "a": [100, 64, 200],
  "p": {
    "S": "stone_bricks", "P": "oak_planks", "W": "oak_planks", "G": "glass_pane",
    "Dl": "oak_door[facing=south,half=lower]", "Du": "oak_door[facing=south,half=upper]",
    "Sn": "oak_stairs[facing=north,half=bottom]", "Ss": "oak_stairs[facing=south,half=bottom]",
    "Se": "oak_stairs[facing=east,half=bottom]", "Sw": "oak_stairs[facing=west,half=bottom]",
    "Ln": "oak_stairs[facing=north,half=top]", "Ls": "oak_stairs[facing=south,half=top]"
  },
  "l": [
    [0, "S*7|S P*5 S~4|S*7"],
    [1, "W*7|W .*5 W|G .*5 G~2|W .*5 W|W*3 Dl W*3"],
    [2, "W*7|W .*5 W|G .*5 G~2|W .*5 W|W*3 Du W*3"],
    [3, "W*7|W .*5 W~4|W*7"],
    [4, "Ss*7|Se P*5 Sw|Se P .*3 P Sw~2|Se P*5 Sw|Sn*7"],
    [5, ".*7|. Ss*5 .|. Se P*3 Sw .~2|. Sn*5 .|.*7"],
    [6, ".*7~2|.*2 Ls*3 .*2|.*2 Ln*3 .*2|.*7~2"]
  ]
}

Verbose format (same result, more tokens):

{
  "anchor": [100, 64, 200],
  "palette": {
    ".": "air", "S": "stone_bricks", "P": "oak_planks", "W": "oak_planks", "G": "glass_pane",
    "Dl": "oak_door[facing=south,half=lower]", "Du": "oak_door[facing=south,half=upper]",
    "Sn": "oak_stairs[facing=north,half=bottom]", "Ss": "oak_stairs[facing=south,half=bottom]",
    "Se": "oak_stairs[facing=east,half=bottom]", "Sw": "oak_stairs[facing=west,half=bottom]",
    "Ln": "oak_stairs[facing=north,half=top]", "Ls": "oak_stairs[facing=south,half=top]"
  },
  "layers": [
    {"y": 0, "grid": [["S","S","S","S","S","S","S"],["S","P","P","P","P","P","S"],["S","P","P","P","P","P","S"],["S","P","P","P","P","P","S"],["S","P","P","P","P","P","S"],["S","S","S","S","S","S","S"]]},
    {"y": 1, "grid": [["W","W","W","W","W","W","W"],["W",".",".",".",".",".", "W"],["G",".",".",".",".",".","G"],["G",".",".",".",".",".","G"],["W",".",".",".",".",".","W"],["W","W","W","Dl","W","W","W"]]},
    {"y": 2, "grid": [["W","W","W","W","W","W","W"],["W",".",".",".",".",".", "W"],["G",".",".",".",".",".","G"],["G",".",".",".",".",".","G"],["W",".",".",".",".",".","W"],["W","W","W","Du","W","W","W"]]},
    {"y": 3, "grid": [["W","W","W","W","W","W","W"],["W",".",".",".",".",".", "W"],["W",".",".",".",".",".","W"],["W",".",".",".",".",".","W"],["W",".",".",".",".",".","W"],["W","W","W","W","W","W","W"]]},
    {"y": 4, "grid": [["Ss","Ss","Ss","Ss","Ss","Ss","Ss"],["Se","P","P","P","P","P","Sw"],["Se","P",".",".",".", "P","Sw"],["Se","P",".",".",".","P","Sw"],["Se","P","P","P","P","P","Sw"],["Sn","Sn","Sn","Sn","Sn","Sn","Sn"]]},
    {"y": 5, "grid": [[".",".",".",".",".",".","."],[".","Ss","Ss","Ss","Ss","Ss","."],[".","Se","P","P","P","Sw","."],[".","Se","P","P","P","Sw","."],[".","Sn","Sn","Sn","Sn","Sn","."],[".",".",".",".",".",".","."]]},
    {"y": 6, "grid": [[".",".",".",".",".",".","."],[".",".",".",".",".",".","."],[".",".", "Ls","Ls","Ls",".","."],[".",".", "Ln","Ln","Ln",".","."],[".",".",".",".",".",".","."],[".",".",".",".",".",".","."]]}
  ]
}

Block States Reference

Stairs

"Sn": "oak_stairs[facing=north,half=bottom]",    // Normal stairs
"S^": "oak_stairs[facing=north,half=top]",       // Upside-down
"Sc": "oak_stairs[facing=north,shape=inner_left]" // Corner

Doors (always place lower then upper)

"Dl": "oak_door[facing=south,half=lower,hinge=left]",
"Du": "oak_door[facing=south,half=upper,hinge=left]"

Slabs

"Sb": "oak_slab[type=bottom]",  // On floor
"St": "oak_slab[type=top]",     // On ceiling
"Sd": "oak_slab[type=double]"   // Full block

Logs/Pillars

"Lx": "oak_log[axis=x]",  // Horizontal east-west
"Ly": "oak_log[axis=y]",  // Vertical (default)
"Lz": "oak_log[axis=z]"   // Horizontal north-south

Containers

"Cn": "chest[facing=north]",
"Cs": "chest[facing=south]",
"B": "barrel[facing=up]"

Signs (with NBT)

"T": "oak_sign[rotation=8]{Text1:'\"Welcome\"',Text2:'\"Home\"'}"

Beds

"Bf": "red_bed[facing=south,part=foot]",
"Bh": "red_bed[facing=south,part=head]"

Wall-Mounted Blocks (IMPORTANT)

Floor vs Wall versions are DIFFERENT blocks!

// TORCHES - floor torch vs wall torch
"Tf": "torch",                        // Floor (on ground)
"Tn": "wall_torch[facing=north]",     // Wall (facing=which way it sticks OUT)
"Ts": "wall_torch[facing=south]",
"Te": "wall_torch[facing=east]",
"Tw": "wall_torch[facing=west]",

// SOUL TORCHES
"STf": "soul_torch",                  // Floor
"STn": "soul_wall_torch[facing=north]", // Wall

// LADDERS (always wall-mounted, facing=direction player faces when climbing)
"Ln": "ladder[facing=north]",         // Climb facing north
"Ls": "ladder[facing=south]",
"Le": "ladder[facing=east]",
"Lw": "ladder[facing=west]",

// LEVERS (face=which surface, facing=orientation on that surface)
"LVn": "lever[face=wall,facing=north]",  // Wall lever
"LVf": "lever[face=floor,facing=north]", // Floor lever
"LVc": "lever[face=ceiling,facing=north]", // Ceiling lever

// BUTTONS
"Bn": "stone_button[face=wall,facing=north]",
"Bf": "stone_button[face=floor]",
"Bc": "stone_button[face=ceiling]",

// LANTERNS
"La": "lantern",                      // Floor/ceiling (auto-hangs)
"Lh": "lantern[hanging=true]",        // Explicitly hanging

// CHAINS (vertical by default)
"Ch": "chain",                        // Vertical
"Chx": "chain[axis=x]",               // Horizontal E-W
"Chz": "chain[axis=z]",               // Horizontal N-S

// ITEM FRAMES (facing=which way they face OUT from wall)
"IFn": "item_frame[facing=north]",    // On south wall, faces north
"IFs": "item_frame[facing=south]"     // On north wall, faces south

Key concept: facing for wall blocks means "which direction does it stick out/face toward", NOT which wall it's on.

• wall_torch[facing=north] = torch on a SOUTH wall, sticking out toward north
• ladder[facing=north] = ladder on SOUTH wall, player faces north to climb

Workflow

1. Get position: getsurfacelevel(x, z) or getplayerposition()
2. Design schematic: Create palette + layers
3. Preview first: buildschematic(schematic=..., previewonly=true)
4. Execute: build_schematic(schematic=..., description="...")

Tips

Orientation Symbols

Use consistent naming:

• n/s/e/w = facing direction
• l/u = lower/upper (doors)
• t/b = top/bottom (slabs, stairs)
• x/y/z = axis (logs)

Visual Alignment

Draw grids as you'd see them from above, looking down:

• North is UP in your text editor
• South is DOWN
• West is LEFT
• East is RIGHT

Air Blocks

Use . for air - it's skipped (no command generated). Don't fill interiors with air unless you need to clear existing blocks.

Non-Solid Blocks (IMPORTANT)

These blocks do NOT support furniture/entities and should NOT be used as floors:

• Carpet - decorative overlay, place ON TOP of solid floor at same y-level
• Snow layers - partial blocks
• Pressure plates - place on top of solid blocks
• Rails, redstone - need solid block beneath

Correct floor + carpet + furniture pattern:

{
  "layers": [
    {"y": 0, "comment": "Solid floor", "grid": [["P", "P", "P"]]},
    {"y": 0, "comment": "Carpet ON floor (same y!)", "grid": [["Cr", "Cr", "Cr"]]},
    {"y": 1, "comment": "Furniture ON floor", "grid": [[".", "Bed", "."]]}
  ]
}

Or simpler - just use solid floor without carpet:

{
  "layers": [
    {"y": 0, "comment": "Solid floor", "grid": [["P", "P", "P"]]},
    {"y": 1, "comment": "Furniture", "grid": [[".", "Bed", "."]]}
  ]
}

Wrong (furniture will float):

{
  "layers": [
    {"y": 0, "grid": [["Carpet", "Carpet", "Carpet"]]},  // NO solid floor!
    {"y": 1, "grid": [[".", "Bed", "."]]}  // Bed floats!
  ]
}

Rotation

Set "facing": "east" to rotate the entire build 90° clockwise. All block states with facing/axis are automatically rotated!

Common Patterns

Hollow Box (Walls Only)

{
  "layers": [
    {"y": 0, "grid": [["W","W","W"],["W",".","W"],["W","W","W"]]},
    {"y": 1, "grid": [["W","W","W"],["W",".","W"],["W","W","W"]]},
    {"y": 2, "grid": [["W","W","W"],["W",".","W"],["W","W","W"]]}
  ]
}

Gabled Roof

{
  "layers": [
    {"y": 0, "grid": [["Se","P","P","P","Sw"],["Se","P","P","P","Sw"]]},
    {"y": 1, "grid": [[".","Se","P","Sw","."],[".","Se","P","Sw","."]]},
    {"y": 2, "grid": [[".",".","P",".","."],[".",".",".P",".","."]}
  ]
}

Circular Floor (approximation)

{
  "layers": [
    {"y": 0, "grid": [
      [".", "P", "P", "P", "."],
      ["P", "P", "P", "P", "P"],
      ["P", "P", "P", "P", "P"],
      ["P", "P", "P", "P", "P"],
      [".", "P", "P", "P", "."]
    ]}
  ]
}

When to Use Schematics vs WorldEdit

✅ USE SCHEMATICS FOR:

• Structured buildings: Houses, castles, towers, bridges
• Oriented blocks: Doors, stairs, chests, beds, torches
• Precise placement: Furniture, decorations, redstone
• Repeatable patterns: Walls, floors, roofs with detail
• Multi-block structures: Anything that needs exact block states

❌ DON'T USE SCHEMATICS FOR:

• Organic terrain: Mountains, rivers, caves, natural landscapes
• Large-scale terraforming: Flattening, raising, smoothing land
• Freeform/artistic builds: Abstract sculptures, flowing shapes
• Random patterns: Natural-looking stone walls (50%stone,50%cobble)
• Geometric primitives: Spheres, cylinders, pyramids at scale
• Copy/paste operations: Duplicating existing structures

Use WorldEdit Instead:

Rule of thumb:

• Schematic = Precise, structured, oriented blocks
• WorldEdit = Bulk, organic, random, geometric