Arabic Design — clean Arabic in AI-generated UI
Arabic is a cursive, connected script: letters join, and diacritics (ً ّ َ) sit above/below the baseline. Most AI-generated CSS is tuned for Latin type — and that's exactly what breaks Arabic. Apply these rules by default whenever the design contains Arabic; don't wait to be told.
Rule 1 — NEVER negative letter-spacing on Arabic (the #1 bug)
Latin design trends love tight tracking (letter-spacing: -0.02em). On Arabic, negative tracking overlaps the letter joins and crushes words into an unreadable blur. Positive tracking is just as wrong — it disconnects letters that must join.
/* ❌ WRONG — crushes connected letters into a blur */
h1 { letter-spacing: -1.5px; } /* element contains Arabic */
/* ✅ RIGHT */
h1 { letter-spacing: normal; } /* or 0 — always, for any element containing Arabic */
- Any element containing Arabic (or mixed Arabic+Latin) →
letter-spacing: normal. Full stop.
- Negative/positive tracking is allowed only on pure-Latin/numeric elements (big stat numbers,
$99, VS, all-caps Latin labels).
Rule 2 — Use a real Arabic font (never Latin-font fallback)
A Latin font with no Arabic glyphs silently falls back to a system font — mismatched weight, broken look. Always declare an Arabic-capable font explicitly, with a full stack:
/* pick one that matches the design's mood: */
font-family: "Cairo", "Tajawal", "IBM Plex Sans Arabic", "Noto Kufi Arabic", sans-serif; /* modern UI */
font-family: "Almarai", "Rubik", "Baloo Bhaijaan 2", sans-serif; /* rounded/friendly */
font-family: "Noto Naskh Arabic", "Amiri", serif; /* editorial/classic */
- Load the Arabic weights you actually use (400/700 at minimum).
- Never apply
font-style: italic to Arabic (fake oblique breaks the script) and never rely on
text-transform (Arabic has no case).
Rule 3 — Line-height must clear the diacritics
Bold display Arabic needs vertical room, or dots/diacritics collide with the line above.
| Context |
Safe line-height |
| Display headline (large, bold) |
1.3 |
| Mid headline |
1.35 |
| Body / captions |
1.5–1.7 |
If unsure, go looser. Clipped diacritics are an instant "looks broken" tell.
Rule 4 — Direction & bidi (the "words are reversed" family of bugs)
- Set direction once at the root (
<html dir="rtl"> for Arabic-first pages) — children inherit.
Don't sprinkle dir attributes on every element.
- Use logical CSS properties so layout flips correctly:
margin-inline-start,
padding-inline-end, text-align: start — instead of margin-left, text-align: left.
- Wrap embedded Latin words/numbers inside Arabic text in an isolated span so the bidi
algorithm doesn't reorder them: ``css .ltr { display: inline-block; direction: ltr; } ` `html حدد أول <span class="ltr">MVP</span> قبل ما تبدأ ``
- The
direction: ltr parent leak (root cause of reversed word order): layout containers set to
direction: ltr for card/column order leak LTR into the Arabic text inside — so Marketplace مدمج renders as مدمج Marketplace. Fix: LTR only for layout order; every Arabic text block inside gets explicit direction: rtl.
- The
الـ + Latin-word trap: never place the Arabic definite-article prefix (الـ, بالـ,
للـ) immediately before an isolated Latin word — the detached letters jump to the wrong side. Drop the article (عبر CLI not عبر الـ CLI) or rephrase.
- Flip directional icons (arrows) in RTL contexts; a "next" arrow points left in Arabic UI.
Rule 5 — Punctuation & line breaks
- Use Arabic punctuation in Arabic sentences:
؟ not ?, ، not ,.
- If a
? or ، floats to the wrong side, the cause is almost always a straddling Latin token —
wrap it in .ltr or rephrase so the sentence doesn't break mid-clause around it.
- When splitting a headline across lines, each line must continue the sentence naturally — Arabic
readers read stacked lines as one flowing thought.
Rule 6 — Mobile legibility
Arabic letterforms are denser than Latin at the same px size. For social/mobile canvases (e.g. 1080px wide), keep body text ≥ ~36–40px and prefer heavier weights (600–800) for display text.
Pre-ship checklist
- No negative
letter-spacing on any Arabic-containing selector:
``bash grep -nE "letter-spacing:\s*-" file.html ` Every hit must be pure-Latin/numeric. If it wraps Arabic → normal`.
- Every Arabic element has an explicit Arabic-capable
font-family.
- Display Arabic has line-height ≥ 1.3; body ≥ 1.5.
- Embedded Latin words/numbers wrapped in
.ltr; no الـ/بالـ/للـ directly before a Latin word:
``bash grep -noE "(الـ|بالـ|للـ) ?<?[A-Za-z]" file.html ``
- No
direction: ltr ancestor leaking into Arabic text blocks.
- Render and look. Screenshot the result and inspect: letters connected (not crushed, not
separated), diacritics not clipped, punctuation on the correct side, word order correct.