Critical Conventions

Project Development Standards

• For complete projects (HTTP/microservices), install GoFrame CLI and use gf init to create project scaffolding. See [Project Creation - init](./references/开发工具/项目创建-init.md) for details.
• Auto-generated code files (dao, do, entity) MUST NOT be manually created or modified per GoFrame conventions.
• Unless explicitly requested, do NOT use the logic/ directory for business logic. Implement business logic directly in the service/ directory.
• Reference complete project examples:

- HTTP service best practice: [user-http-service](./examples/practices/user-http-service) - gRPC service best practice: [user-grpc-service](./examples/practices/user-grpc-service)

Component Usage Standards

• Before creating new methods or variables, check if they already exist elsewhere and reuse existing implementations.
• Use the gerror component for all error handling to ensure complete stack traces for traceability.
• When exploring new components, prioritize GoFrame built-in components and reference best practice code from examples.
• Database Operations MUST use DO objects (internal/model/do/), never g.Map or map[string]interface{}. DO struct fields are interface{}; unset fields remain nil and are automatically ignored by the ORM:

```go // Good - use DO object dao.Users.Ctx(ctx).Where(cols.Id, id).Data(do.User{Uid: uid}).Update()

// Good - conditional fields, unset fields are nil and ignored data := do.User{} if password != "" { data.PasswordHash = hash } if isAdmin != nil { data.IsAdmin = *isAdmin } dao.Users.Ctx(ctx).Where(cols.Id, id).Data(data).Update()

// Good - explicitly set a column to NULL using gdb.Raw dao.Instances.Ctx(ctx).Where(cols.Id, id).Data(do.Instance{IdleSince: gdb.Raw("NULL")}).Update()

// Bad - never use g.Map for database operations dao.Users.Ctx(ctx).Data(g.Map{cols.Uid: uid}).Update() ```

Code Style Standards

• Variable Declarations: When defining multiple variables, use a var block to group them for better alignment and readability:

```go // Good - aligned and clean var ( authSvc auth.Service bizCtxSvc bizctx.Service k8sSvc svcK8s.Service notebookSvc notebook.Service middlewareSvc *middleware.Service )

// Avoid - scattered declarations authSvc := auth.New() bizCtxSvc := bizctx.New() k8sSvc := svcK8s.New() ```

• Apply this pattern when you have 3 or more related variable declarations in the same scope.

Soft Delete & Time Maintenance

GoFrame provides automatic soft delete and time maintenance features. When a table contains createdat, updatedat, or deleted_at fields, the ORM handles these automatically.

Automatic Time Fields

Critical Rules

1. NEVER manually set time fields - GoFrame handles these automatically:

// WRONG - redundant manual time setting
dao.User.Ctx(ctx).Data(do.User{
    Name:      "john",
    CreatedAt: gtime.Now(),  // REDUNDANT! Framework handles this
    UpdatedAt: gtime.Now(),  // REDUNDANT! Framework handles this
}).Insert()

// CORRECT - let framework handle time fields
dao.User.Ctx(ctx).Data(do.User{
    Name: "john",
}).Insert()

2. NEVER manually add WhereNull(cols.DeletedAt) - GoFrame auto-adds soft delete filter:

// WRONG - redundant soft delete condition
dao.User.Ctx(ctx).
    Where(do.User{Status: 1}).
    WhereNull(cols.DeletedAt).  // REDUNDANT! Framework auto-adds this
    Scan(&list)

// CORRECT - framework auto-adds deleted_at IS NULL
dao.User.Ctx(ctx).
    Where(do.User{Status: 1}).
    Scan(&list)

3. Use Delete() for soft delete - Framework converts to UPDATE SET deleted_at = NOW():

// CORRECT - use Delete(), framework handles soft delete
dao.User.Ctx(ctx).Where(do.User{Id: id}).Delete()
// Actual SQL: UPDATE `sys_user` SET `deleted_at`=NOW() WHERE `id`=?

// WRONG - manual Update with deleted_at
dao.User.Ctx(ctx).
    Where(do.User{Id: id}).
    Data(do.User{DeletedAt: gtime.Now()}).  // REDUNDANT!
    Update()

Field Type Support

The deleted_at field supports multiple types:

• DateTime/Timestamp: Default, stores deletion time
• Integer: Stores Unix timestamp (seconds)
• Boolean: Stores 0/1 for deleted state

Configuration (Optional)

Time field names can be customized in config.yaml:

database:
  default:
    createdAt: "created_at"   # Custom field name
    updatedAt: "updated_at"
    deletedAt: "deleted_at"
    timeMaintainDisabled: false  # Set true to disable this feature

GoFrame Documentation

Complete GoFrame development resources covering component design, usage, best practices, and considerations: [GoFrame Documentation](./references/README.MD)

GoFrame Code Examples

Rich practical code examples covering HTTP services, gRPC services, and various project types: [GoFrame Examples](./examples/README.MD)