SwiftUI

Build and review modern SwiftUI as one integrated discipline: platform design, view architecture, data flow, concurrency, navigation, accessibility, performance, and testing. macOS 26 and iOS 26 are the primary targets, so start from the system’s Liquid Glass design and native SwiftUI APIs. Do not recreate Liquid Glass with blur, opacity, gradients, or custom overlays.

Standard SwiftUI components, navigation, toolbars, tab bars, menus, sheets, and controls already adopt the current system appearance. Start by using those components as intended; add custom glass only when a custom functional control needs it.

Read the focused reference before acting:

When a task spans both, read both files. Apple documentation is the source of truth whenever an API signature, platform availability, or behavior may have changed. Topic references are vendored from AvdLee/SwiftUI-Agent-Skill and twostraws/swiftui-agent-skill (authoritative baseline); the local Liquid Glass reference takes precedence where they differ.

First decisions

1. Consult [references/latest-apis.md](references/latest-apis.md) at the start of every task to avoid deprecated APIs.
2. Identify the platform, deployment target, and supported OS versions from the project configuration. Treat macOS 26 and iOS 26 as the default for new apps.
3. Preserve standard components before customizing. Build with the current SDK and inspect the app on macOS 26 and iOS 26 before adding custom effects.
4. Classify each candidate surface:

- functional layer (Chrome / Controls): controls, navigation, toolbars, transient actions, floating utility controls, and other UI that acts on content. Liquid Glass (.glassEffect(), .buttonStyle(.glass)) is appropriate here. - content layer (Surfaces / Cards): reading, browsing, editing, data presentation, feed items, comments, code blocks, diffs, and ordinary cards. Do not make content cards glass. Use standard Materials (.regularMaterial, .thinMaterial) or grouped background colors framed by a system .separator border (.strokeBorder(.separator, lineWidth: 1)). Glass on content cards degrades text contrast, destroys syntax highlighting, creates muddy tint stacking, and hurts scroll performance.

1. State the smallest viable plan. Use a custom glass treatment only when a standard component cannot express the required interaction or hierarchy.

Implementing Liquid Glass

Follow [references/liquid-glass.md](references/liquid-glass.md). The baseline is:

• Prefer .buttonStyle(.glass) or .buttonStyle(.glassProminent) for custom actions over applying glassEffect directly to a Button.
• For a custom functional surface, establish its size, padding, foreground style, and shape first, then apply .glassEffect(_:in:) last among modifiers that determine the glass bounds.
• Use .regular by default. Use .clear only when the content behind it still provides reliable contrast. Tint sparsely to communicate hierarchy or prominence, not decoration.
• Make a custom effect .interactive() only when its surface is directly interactive. A decorative glass view should not advertise interaction.
• Put nearby custom glass effects that need to blend, move together, or be rendered as a group inside GlassEffectContainer. Tune its spacing from the visual relationship; a larger value causes effects to start blending from farther apart.
• Add glassEffectID, glassEffectTransition, or glassEffectUnion only for a purposeful, animated hierarchy change within one GlassEffectContainer and one namespace. Do not add morphing for a static layout.
• Keep related shapes, spacing, and visual weight consistent. Favor system spacing and semantic fonts over fixed dimensions.

Use #available(iOS 26, macOS 26, *) only when the project supports earlier releases. Keep the fallback semantically and behaviorally equivalent, use standard platform materials where appropriate, and avoid duplicating business logic across branches.

General SwiftUI standards

This is a SwiftUI skill, not a narrow visual-effect skill. Apply these standards to every SwiftUI request, whether it includes custom Liquid Glass or not.

Follow [references/twostraws.md](references/twostraws.md) for modern APIs, view composition, state and concurrency, navigation, accessibility, performance, and code hygiene. In particular:

• Use modern SwiftUI and Swift 6.2+ concurrency. Do not introduce UIKit or AppKit, third-party UI frameworks, or custom infrastructure unless the project or request requires it.
• Prefer @Observable models with explicit main-actor isolation when the project does not define main-actor default isolation. Keep state ownership local and private; pass shared observable state using SwiftUI’s current observation tools.
• Use NavigationStack or NavigationSplitView, typed navigationDestination(for:), semantic Labels, Buttons for actions, Dynamic Type, and meaningful accessibility labels.
• Respect Reduce Motion and accessibility settings. Ensure interactive controls have an adequate hit target; do not communicate meaning through color alone.
• Keep expensive work, transforms, filtering, and sorting outside body; use task() for asynchronous work that should cancel with the view. Avoid AnyView, unnecessary conditional view branches, and eager stacks for large scrollable collections.
• Keep views, actions, and types focused and test core logic outside views. Use #Preview and project-supported tests.

Review workflow

Report confirmed issues only. Do not manufacture a checklist of minor preferences.

1. Read the relevant references and inspect the deployment target, affected views, state model, and navigation hierarchy.
2. Check hierarchy first: Liquid Glass belongs in the functional layer, standard components remain system-provided, and custom glass has a clear reason.
3. Check Glass correctness: availability, shape and modifier order, interactivity, grouping in GlassEffectContainer, contrast, and motion behavior.
4. Check modern SwiftUI: APIs, data flow, navigation, accessibility, performance, Swift concurrency, and hygiene.
5. Verify with the project’s formatter, build, tests, previews, or UI tests. Test macOS and iOS when the feature is cross-platform, including light/dark appearance, larger Dynamic Type, keyboard/pointer use on Mac, and Reduce Motion.

For every finding, give the file and line, the broken rule, why it affects the app, and a minimal before/after fix. Group findings by file and end with the highest-impact fixes first. Skip files with no confirmed issue.

Correctness checklist

Hard rules adapted from AvdLee/SwiftUI-Agent-Skill — violations are always bugs. Performance optimizations beyond these rules are suggestions, not requirements:

• @State properties are private
• @Binding appears only where a child modifies parent state
• Passed values are never declared as @State (they ignore updates)
• iOS 17+: view-owned @Observable models use @State; injected observables that need bindings use @Bindable
• Legacy ObservableObject code: @StateObject for view-owned objects, @ObservedObject for injected; new code does not introduce them
• ForEach uses stable identity (never .indices/\.offset; the id outlives the view and is not derived from mutable content)
• Constant number of views per ForEach element; List rows are unary
• No closures stored in custom @Environment/@FocusedValue keys
• Custom @Entry default values are stable (no Model()/Date()/UUID() expressions)
• .animation(_:value:) always includes the value parameter
• @FocusState properties are private; no redundant @FocusState writes inside tap gesture handlers on .focusable() views
• iOS 26+ APIs are gated with #available and a fallback is provided
• import Charts present in files using chart types
• Previews use self-contained mock data; no dependency on live services or network

Instruments trace workflow

When the user asks to record or analyze an Xcode Instruments .trace file, follow [references/trace-recording.md](references/trace-recording.md) and [references/trace-analysis.md](references/trace-analysis.md). The bundled scripts under scripts/ are stdlib-only Python:

• scripts/record_trace.py wraps xctrace record, supports attach/launch/all-process targets, template selection, and a stop-file for agent-driven sessions.
• scripts/analyze_trace.py parses a trace and reports main-thread coverage, SwiftUI update causes, hitches, and hangs; --fanin-for "<view>" answers who invalidates a hot view.

Use ${SKILL_DIR}/scripts/... as the script path. These workflows complement, not replace, code-level review.

Sources

• Apple: Adopting Liquid Glass
• Apple: Applying Liquid Glass to custom views
• Apple: Materials HIG
• Dimillian/Skills: swiftui-liquid-glass
• twostraws/swiftui-agent-skill — authoritative review baseline vendored in [references/twostraws.md](references/twostraws.md) under MIT
• AvdLee/SwiftUI-Agent-Skill — topic references and Instruments scripts vendored under MIT